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Bigger-Smaller/Same-Opposite: Some Unanswered Questions on Derived Responding |
Monday, May 27, 2024 |
10:00 AM–10:50 AM |
Convention Center, 200 Level, 201 C |
Area: EAB/VBC; Domain: Basic Research |
Chair: Gerson Yukio Tomanari (Universidade de Sao Paulo) |
Discussant: Anna Ingeborg Petursdottir (University of Nevada, Reno) |
Abstract: Understanding the emergence of behavior through indirect training is critical to our formulation of symbolic and complex behavior. While most studies on derived stimulus relations focus on training baseline relations through a matching-to-sample procedure, alternative procedures shed light on the necessary and sufficient conditions for derived responses. The symposium aims to present two of these alternative procedures through experimental evidence. The first presentation is composed of two experiments. In the first experiment, Go/No-Go procedure was employed to establish comparative relations between stimuli (i.e., larger-than and smaller-than) under contextual control. In the second experiment, this procedure was replicated but omitting non-arbitrary relational training and testing. The results regarding their implications for teaching technology and theories concerning relational responding are discussed. The second presentation discusses intraverbal bidirectional naming. In an experiment, tact and intraverbal training were used to establish baseline relations among names related to stimuli. However, autoclitic frames of sameness and opposition used in intraverbal training were manipulated between sets of stimuli. The results reveal that the relational autoclitic function is the primary determinant of emergent relations in this type of procedure, prompting us to reconsider the role of intraverbal naming and its controlling relations. |
Instruction Level: Intermediate |
Keyword(s): derived responding, go/no-go, human participants, naming |
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Derived Comparative Relations Using the Go/No-Go Procedure With Compound Stimuli |
Rafael Diego Diego Modenesi (Universidade de São Paulo; e Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia sobre Comportamento, Cognição e Ensino (INCT-ECCE)), PAULA DEBERT (University of Sao Paulo) |
Abstract: The emergence of behavior that was not directly trained has important implications for the development of faster and more efficient teaching technology. The studies on derived stimulus relations generally use the Matching-to-sample procedure. The aim of Experiment 1 was to verify whether the Go/No-Go procedure with compound stimuli would establish comparative relations between stimuli (e.g., larger-than and smaller-than) under contextual control. Non-Arbitrary Relational Training and Tests were performed to establish the red and blue background colors as the contextual cues. Subsequently, Arbitrary Relational Training was performed, in which comparative relations were established between pairs of stimuli under the control of contextual cues. Finally, tests evaluated the emergence of new comparative relations under contextual control. Experiment 2 replicated Experiment 1, except for omitting Non-Arbitrary Relational Training and Testing, to evaluate the emergence of derived comparative relational responding without including non-arbitrary relational teaching. All four participants (undergraduate students) in Experiment 1 and all three participants in Experiment 2 met the criterion in the training and demonstrated the emergence of the tested relations. The implications of the results for the development of teaching technology and conceptual aspects are discussed. |
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Initial Evidence on Autoclitic Bidirectional Naming |
JOÃO LUCAS BERNARDY CARDOSO (University of São Paulo), Martha Costa Hübner (University of São Paulo) |
Abstract: Recent evidence supports that intraverbal bidirectional naming is sufficient for establishing equivalence classes. However, examining such procedures reveals some imprecision about what constitutes the trained intraverbal responses. More specifically, relational autoclitics (e.g., “goes with”) are often used as control variables. It is plausible and logically consistent that such autoclitics could be critical, mainly for the explanation of verbally controlled derived responses. We provide some initial experimental evidence in that sense, using a procedure based on recent studies with intraverbal bidirectional naming with positive results. Undergraduates were exposed to a pre/post-test design where emergent matching-to-sample and intraverbal performances derived from tact training, listener tests, and intraverbal training. During intraverbal training, done using a fill-in-the-blank vocal task, autoclitic frames of sameness and opposition were manipulated across sets of stimuli. The results show important differences regarding stimulus class formation and are discussed regarding normative rules for derived responding related to specific autoclitic frames. Also, the results highlight methodological challenges to be addressed. Finally, future directions are presented in terms of empirically testable assumptions and the investigation of logical behavior. |
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