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| Topics in Autism: Intervention |
| Wednesday, November 15, 2017 |
| 4:30 PM–6:20 PM |
| Forum Auditorium, Niveau 1 |
| Area: AUT |
| Keyword(s): Intervention |
| Chair: Shelley Alison Brady (Ulster University) |
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| An Analysis Of Error-Correction Procedures on Skill Acquisition and Providing Learners With Choice in Intervention |
| Domain: Applied Research |
| SHELLEY ALISON BRADY (Ulster University, Coleraine), Claire E. McDowell (Ulster University, Coleraine), Julian C. Leslie (Ulster University, Coleraine) |
| Abstract: This research focused on an investigation into the efficacy of four error-correction procedures used in the education of individuals with a diagnosis of ASD. It begins with an overview of current literature related to the use of error-correction procedures as part of discrete trial teaching. Study 1 aimed to examine the different error-correction procedures in use within schools across Ireland. The results gained supported the hypothesis that there was significant diversity in the error-correction procedures used within and across schools. In Study 2 information with regards to the participant ability was gathered. This was with a view to isolate the effective components and processes operating within different error-correction procedures and to discover the most effective application of these procedures on an individualised level in subsequent studies. In Study 3 error-correction procedures were implemented with children with ASD (n=31) across four conditions). Results demonstrated statistically significant differences in the rate of skill acquisition with particular error-correction procedures dependent on learner ability. Study 4 replicated the research carried out in Study 3 with adult learners with ASD (n=10), with similar findings Participants preference for error-correction procedures were also formally assessed in Chapter 5 using a modified concurrent-chains procedure (Hanley et al., 1997). Results showed that the majority of participants showed preference for the error-correction procedures which maximised their rate of skill acquisition. The findings of the studies are discussed in relation to the current literature and importance of matching error-correction procedures to individual learners needs and abilities. From this, an assessment procedure was designed with which professionals can determine the most effective error-correction procedure to implement prior to program design. Limitations and directions for future research are also discussed. |
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| Early Applied Behaviour Analysis-Based Intervention for Children Diagnosed With Autism Spectrum Disorder in UK and China |
| Domain: Service Delivery |
| YINI LIAO (Queen's University Belfast), Karola Dillenburger (Queen's University Belfast) |
| Abstract: This study explored the application of behaviour analytic practices in two geographical and culturally diverse regions, the UK and China through a mixed method research approach. A survey was conducted with 97 parents of children with ASD (12 UK and 85 Chinese parents) and 90 professionals (24 UK and 66 Chinese professionals). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 UK and 18 Chinese participants. Substantial similarities between the two regions were found despite culture, policy and societal differences. While home programs were most common, there were differences in who delivered the intervention. Chinese parents tended to move away home temporarily to access programmes. Parents reported using an eclectic approach and reported their childs quality of life had improved after the ABA-based programme. Professionals and many parents indicated their willingness of advancing professional levels. A number of parents ran ABA-based training sessions for their own child as a parent therapist. Findings are discussed with regards to cross cultural comparisons, the use of ABA, and policy developments. Recommendations are outlined for future practice in international contexts. |
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| Cochrane Review of Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention for Young Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders |
| Domain: Service Delivery |
| BRIAN REICHOW (The University of Connecticut), Kara Hume (University of North Carolina at Chapel HIll), Brian Boyd (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill), Erin Barton (Vanderbilt University) |
| Abstract: Early intensive behavioral intervention (EIBI) is one of the most widely used treatments for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The purpose of our review was to examine the research on EIBI.We found a total of five studies that compared EIBI to generic special education services for children with ASD in schools. Only one study randomly assigned children to a treatment or comparison group, which is considered the gold standard for research. The other four studies used parent preference to assign children to groups. We examined and compared the results of all five studies. A total of 203 children (all were younger than six years old when they started treatment) were included in the five studies. We found that children receiving the EIBI treatment performed better than children in the comparison groups after about two years of treatment on tests of adaptive behavior (behaviors that increase independence and the ability to adapt to one's environment), intelligence, social skills, communication and language, autism symptoms, and quality of life. The evidence supports the use of EIBI for some children with ASD. However, the quality of this evidence is low as only a small number of children were involved in the studies and only one study randomly assigned children to groups. |
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| Meta-Analysis of Social Communication Disorder Studies for Technology-Aided Instruction and Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorders |
| Domain: Service Delivery |
| BRIAN REICHOW (The University of Connecticut) |
| Abstract: Technology Aided Instruction and Intervention (TAII) refers to a range of academic, social, and behavioral interventions in which technology is used as the primary method to deliver instruction. TAII has long been recognized as having an important role in the development and delivery of effective, theoretically grounded interventions for students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The purpose of the current study was to use meta-analytic methodologies to examine the methodological quality of the research, calculate effect sizes to quantify the level of evidence for TAII, and compare effect sizes across single case and group-based experimental research. We also utilized a novel statistical method for estimating effect sizes from the included single case design studies. Based on the single case research, we concluded that one type of TAIIcomputer assisted instructionwas an evidence-based practice. However, the primary outcome domains varied, which limits interpretations of the summary. The other categories of TAIIalternative and augmentative communication devices and virtual realitywere determined not to be evidence-based practices. |
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| Keyword(s): Intervention |
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