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CSS Monday Poster Session: Odd-Numbered Posters |
Monday, May 30, 2022 |
1:00 PM–2:00 PM |
Exhibit Level; Exhibit Hall A |
Chair: Traci M. Cihon (University of North Texas) |
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59. Discounting Health Outcomes: A Response to COVID-19 |
Area: CSS; Domain: Basic Research |
SARAH CATHERINE WEINSZTOK (University of Kansas), Jesse Dallery (University of Florida), Iser Guillermo DeLeon (University of Florida) |
Discussant: Traci M. Cihon (University of North Texas) |
Abstract: Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, federal and local governments have enacted regulations with the intent of maintaining the safety and welfare of citizens. In a behavioral economic framework, engaging in social activities despite warnings from federal agencies that social gatherings carry risk of spreading the disease may be conceptualized as an impulsive choice, in which an immediate and certain reinforcer (social engagement) may be chosen despite probabilistic and delayed punishers (contracting a serious disease or spreading this disease to others). In the present study, we crowdsourced participants from Amazon’s Mechanical Turk to complete combined probability and delay discounting tasks within a disease outbreak scenario in which participants reported the likelihood they would attend a social gathering despite the possibility of contracting a disease. Overall, probability impacted delay discounting but delay had no significant impact on probability discounting. We also manipulated the individual or individuals in the participant’s life who would hypothetically be at-risk of contracting the disease within the discounting task across 5 conditions, which had a small effect on responding. The results of the current study support the usefulness of a behavioral economic framework to examine health protective behaviors amid a pandemic, and highlight several avenues for future research. |
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61. Encouraging Pro-Climate Purchasing Behavior through Transformation of Stimulus Function |
Area: CSS; Domain: Applied Research |
MEREDITH MATTHEWS (Missouri State University), Lauren Rose Hutchison (Missouri State University ), Jordan Belisle (Missouri State University), Caleb Stanley (Utah Valley University) |
Discussant: Traci M. Cihon (University of North Texas) |
Abstract: We are rapidly approaching a climate point of no return (PNR) where recoverability of earth’s climate will concede expenses above current rates of production both domestic and abroad. Although a multi-level approach to solving the climate crisis is undoubtedly needed, some success may be achieved by increasing pro-environmental behaviors at the level of single subjects. Using a multiple baseline across 7 participants, we targeted pro-environmental purchasing behaviors using daily household items such as spray cleaner or a stick of deodorant in a simulated computerized task. Relational training was conducted to establish arbitrary symbols as either climate-helpful or climate-harmful. Following the relational training, participants again completed the simulated purchasing task to determine if they would be willing to spend more money for the climate-helpful products over the climate-harmful products containing the arbitrary symbol. Six of the 7 participants showed a consistent increase in spending on climate-helpful products with individual differences observed within each of the participants’ data. Results suggest that an analysis of relational frames centering around climate change could influence consumer choices with implications for advertisement and policy. |
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63. Fatherhood and Probability Discounting: Comparing the Social Context of Parenting Experienced by Men and Women |
Area: CSS; Domain: Basic Research |
MAGGIE ADLER (Missouri State University), Jessica M Venegoni (Missouri State University ), Chynna Brianne Frizell (Missouri State University), Jordan Belisle (Missouri State University), Dana Paliliunas (Missouri State University) |
Discussant: Traci M. Cihon (University of North Texas) |
Abstract: During situations of financial decision-making, men have been found to be less risk-averse than women (Charness & Gneezy, 2011), where greater risk aversion and lower wages for woman, and especially for mothers, is referred to as the "Motherhood penalty". Previous research has established that non-mothers when provided with the hypothetical scenario of having a child show greater probability discounting than under no child conditions, and the same occurs for mothers when presented with the hypothetical scenario of having no children (Venegoni et al., under review). The current study provides an initial comparison between non-mothers and non-fathers when presented with the hypothetical scenario of having children to isolate parenting as a contextual variable that may influence risk taking and risk aversion. Whereas hypothetical mothers showed greater discounting rates in the parenting condition, no significant changes were observed for hypothetical fathers, suggesting that parenting may exclusively influence risk taking in women given the extreme societal pressures placed on women around parenting. Results have implications for a contextual view of parenting, motherhood, and fatherhood from within a discounting framework. |
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