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| The Application of Behavioral Science to the Betterment of Living and Health. |
| Sunday, May 29, 2022 |
| 11:00 AM–11:50 AM |
| Meeting Level 1; Room 103 |
| Area: CBM/CSS; Domain: Applied Research |
| Chair: Thomas L. Zane (University of Kansas) |
| CE Instructor: Thomas L. Zane, Ph.D. |
| Abstract: Behavioral science has led to benefits in every area of human endeavor in which it has been applied. For example, autism treatment, staff performance, and educational outcomes have all improved due to the application of the science of behavior to their respective goals and issues. So it is with exercise and health. Previous studies have repeatedly shown that the variables influencing healthy behavior (i.e., exercising and eating healthy) have been identified through our behavioral science, and the application of what has been learned (regarding antecedent and consequent influences) can improve health, reduce health-related problems, and increase exercise. The research in this symposium will further emphasize different applications of behavioral science to improve aspects of exercise and health. The studies here include research focusing on all aspects of the environment, including motivating operations, antecedent control, and the influence of consequences, including the application of behavioral strategies over telehealth. |
| Instruction Level: Intermediate |
| Keyword(s): antecedent, exercise, telehealth |
| Target Audience: Audience should have minimal understanding and competence in basic behavioral principles, and the basic philosophy of behavior analysis |
| Learning Objectives: At the conclusion of the presentation, participants will be able to:
1-describe the antecedent and consequent variables that could impact exercise behaviorp
2-orally list the advantages of telehealth coaching for promoting exercise;
3-orally describe antecedent variables that could influence the maintenance of exercise behavior; |
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A Survey: The Routines and Factors That Influence Active Runners to Continue Ongoing Running Exercise |
| SHREEYA DESHMUKH (University of South Florida), Jennifer L. Cook (University of South Florida), Raymond G. Miltenberger (University of South Florida), Cynthia P. Livingston (University of Nebraska Medical Center), Shreeya Deshmukh (University of South Florida), Jeremy Buttice (University of South Florida) |
| Abstract: The national obesity rate has increased from 31% in 1999 to 42% in 2018 (Hales et al., 2020; CDC). Adults require 75 to 150 min of vigorous activity each week to maintain a healthy weight (CDC), and running is an exercise highly benefical for improved health outcomes (Lee et al., 2014). We conducted an online survey of active runners to identify the common behaviors and preferences that may contribute to the successful maintenance of ongoing running routines. Results were collected from 555 runners about their common habits (e.g., planning runs, use of devices, places ran) and motivational factors (e.g., preferences, barriers). Of specific interest, we found that 77% of respondents listened to music while they ran and, of those, 61% used a boost song to amplify music’s effects within their run. Moreover, 36% of all runners surveyed listened to a podcast (or other nonmusical auditory stimulation) while running. These results informed our subsequent experimental studies that evaluated the effects of these three autitory sources on running pace. Future research should use the results of this survey to (a) refine questions for other surveys and (b) inform additional experiments on examining the factors that maintain long-term running behavior. |
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| The Role of Antecedent Music in the Running Routines of Experienced Runners |
| JENNIFER L. COOK (University of South Florida), Raymond G. Miltenberger (University of South Florida), Anthony Concepcion (University of South Florida) |
| Abstract: Promoting running for exercise is beneficial because it is accessible, cost-effective, and runners have a 29 to 50% lower risk of cardiovascular mortality than nonrunners (Lee et al., 2014). In a survey, we found that 77% of active runners listen to music when they run. The current literature on music’s effects on running show mixed or inconclusive results. This may be due to the overreliance on self-report measures and group designs used in extant literature. To address these issues, we implemented a series of three-component multiple schedule experiments to determine if music (or other auditory stimulation) affects performance for individual runners. Despite all participants reporting a preference for listening to music when they run, music did not have an effect on the pace for several runners; however, pace improved for a few runners under conditions of listening to music (vs. no music) or listening to a self-selected boost song (vs. a self-selected playlist). These results indicated that music’s effects on running pace are likely idiosyncratic across individuals. Future studies should consider (a) using music in a consequent arrangement to affect pace, and (b) the behavioral mechanisms that may explain the prevalence of music’s use in practical settings. |
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| An Analysis of the Effects of a Remote Intervention on Exercise in Adults |
| SARAH ANNE VITZTUM (University of Kansas), Thomas L. Zane (University of Kansas) |
| Abstract: Physical activity is important for overall health. Behavioral strategies such as goal setting, feedback, and reinforcement have been used to increase levels of physical activity to health benefitting levels. The present study extended the literature by evaluating the effects of a remote multicomponent intervention (individualized activity plans, goal setting, feedback) on exercise behavior in three adults using a multiple baseline design with an embedded changing criterion design across participants. The study used the technology of wearable exercise trackers and biweekly (twice per week) mentorship meetings where goals were set and feedback was given verbally and in graphic form to increase physical exercise to a health-benefiting level recommended by various health organizations. Across participants minutes of activity increased over baseline. The study showed that the participants increased their weekly time spent exercising according to the set goals. These results suggest the efficacy of the remote multicomponent intervention to increase time spent exercising weekly. |
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