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Correspondence of Verbal Reports: An Experimental Analysis |
Saturday, May 25, 2019 |
12:00 PM–12:50 PM |
Hyatt Regency East, Ballroom Level, Grand Ballroom EF |
Area: VBC; Domain: Basic Research |
Instruction Level: Advanced |
CE Instructor: Julio De Rose, Ph.D. |
Chair: Sarah A. Lechago (University of Houston-Clear Lake) |
JULIO DE ROSE (Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos), Mariéle Cortez (Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos) |
Julio de Rose received his Ph.D. at the University of São Paulo, Brazil, in 1981, and was a postdoctoral Fulbright fellow at the Eunice Kennedy Shriver Center for Mental Retardation. He is now Professor of Psychology at the Federal University of São Carlos, Brazil, and Research Director of the Brazilian National Institute of Science and Technology on Behavior, Cognition and Teaching, of which he is one of the founders. He is the author and co-author of more than 130 articles and chapters on experimental, applied, and conceptual Behavior Analysis, and has served in the editorial boards of several international journals in the field of Behavior Analysis. |
Abstract: Skinner remarked that verbal responses are “true” or “objective” when the correspondence with a stimulating situation is sharply maintained. Lanza, Starr, & Skinner (1982) developed an “animal model” for the study of variables involved in correspondence: a pigeon “reported” to another about the color of a hidden disc, by pecking a specific key. Having access to the color, the experimenter could investigate contingencies leading to distorted reports. This presentation will address a series of studies with human participants recently conducted in our lab, with variations in this method. Participants reported about previous behavior or played card games in which they reported the value of their cards. A recent study developed a videogame with different audiences asking about the participant’s previous behavior. Several independent variables have been investigated. Correspondence was enhanced by reinforcement of corresponding responses, punishment of non-corresponding responses, probability of response checking, and modelling of corresponding reports by confederates. Non-corresponding reports increased with reinforcement for specific reports (reinforcing reports of correct responses regardless of correspondence), punitive audiences, and modelling of non-corresponding responses by confederates. This series of studies has progressively refined experimental methods and increased the range of variables investigated, contributing to clarify the determinants of correspondence. |
Target Audience: Researchers or students interested in basic and translational research on verbal behavior. |
Learning Objectives: At the conclusion of the presentation, participants will be able to: (1) describe and discuss Skinner’s conceptualization about correspondence between verbal response and stimulating situation; (2) identify independent and dependent variables in experiments about verbal correspondence; (3) analyze critically methods, results and conclusions of a sample of correspondence experiments; (4) identify variables that increase or decrease correspondence; (5) relate the conceptual and experimental analysis of correspondence to the lay notions of truth and lie. |
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